BUSH SLACK ON CORPORATE CRIME--especially his family's
Below are 3-more articles
in a continuing series exposing how the government is in bed with business. The
first article covers the diminishing interest in corporate crime; the second on the Bush family’s contribution, and
the third on how they nail the little guy. (Corporate crime--as per what falls under criminal and civil statutes—costs
this nation over twice that of all the other criminal activity combined).
Forbes.com
Business In The Beltway Good News For Corporate Crooks Matthew Swibel, 09.08.04, 6:00 AM ET
WASHINGTON, D.C. - Two years after President George W. Bush established by executive order the Corporate Fraud Task Force to, as he put it, "use the full weight
of the law to expose and root out corruption," the Federal Bureau of Investigation is launching fewer white-collar inquiries than before Sept. 11, 2001. A new Government
Accountability Office report examining the effects of the FBI's shift to counter-terrorism finds it began 32% fewer new white-collar
investigations in fiscal 2003 than in fiscal 2001. (The report does not count new whistleblower cases in its analysis.)
That's
a surprise considering this drop follows so closely high-profile scandals at Adelphia Communications (otc: ADELQ.PK - news - people ), HealthSouth (otc: HLSH.PK - news - people ), Global Crossing (nasdaq: GLBCE - news - people ), Tyco International (nyse: TYC - news - people ), Worldcom and Enron (otc: ENRNQ.PK - news - people ). Not to mention, heightened scrutiny of the corporate suite following the criminal case against Martha Stewart
Living Omnimedia's (nyse: MSO - news - people ) namesake founder or the spate of pricey civil settlements for wrongful trading practices at several
Wall Street power firms, such as Citigroup (nyse: C - news - people ) and Goldman Sachs (nyse: GS - news - people ).
A big factor in the decline of FBI white-collar
matters is the significant shift in its resources to national security priorities. That's a big deal since the FBI has traditionally
referred the greatest number of white-collar crime matters to U.S. attorneys of any federal agency (more than the Internal
Revenue Service, for example). The complexity of some of the recent high-profile white-collar cases has also eaten up a lot
of manpower, further reducing the number of cases that can be tackled, explains Tim Coleman, senior counsel to the deputy
attorney general at the Justice Department. Coleman helped lead the investigation of Adelphia Communications.
The decline may be good news for corporate criminals, but it's
bad news for the vast majority of law-abiding companies. Without a strong regime of criminal enforcement, calls for more stringent
corporate governance regulation--and overregulation--get louder. "History has shown that increased regulation can never cover
all possible forms of abuse," said Larry D. Thompson, a former deputy U.S. attorney general and senior fellow at the Brookings
Institution who will become the next general counsel at PepsiCo
(nyse: PEP - news - people ), in a July speech. "That is why vigorous criminal enforcement is more harmonious with our capitalist
system, which is the envy of the world."
The GAO report found that while FBI white-collar referrals plummeted, referrals by all other agencies increased 15%
in the two-year period. The Department of Health and Human Services, the Social Security Administration, the U.S. Postal Service,
the U.S. Secret Service and the Internal Revenue Service collectively referred 6,726 white-collar cases last year.
Meanwhile, corporate scandals rage on--and continue to tarnish
some rather brassy nameplates. For example, in the unfolding Parmalat
(otc: PARAF.PK - news - people ) debacle, Citigroup, J.P.Morgan Chase (nyse: JPM - news - people ) and Deutsche
Bank (nyse:
DB - news - people ) all reportedly helped concoct derivatives deals that enabled Parmalat to transfer funds offshore and speculate with them. Earlier this summer, two former top executives of the U.S. Foodservice
were charged with overstating income by $800 million to allegedly secure bonuses at parent firm Ahold (nyse: AHO - news - people ) of the Netherlands.
"The corporate scandals and the need for an adequate response ultimately concern the continued broad acceptability
of the capitalist system," worries Irwin M. Stelzer, director of economic studies at the free-market friendly Hudson Institute.
Those that are supposed to enforce
the laws are feeling anxious, too. One U.S. attorney interviewed by the GAO explained that the higher investigation thresholds
for white-collar crime at the FBI make it easier for common counterfeit check fraudsters to do their mischief. "The white-collar
crime expertise of the FBI is gone," the U.S. attorney complained.
The Justice Department's Coleman says he would rather "focus on quality, not quantity," adding that he is unaware
of any specific trend of FBI white-collar agents transferring to other units such as cyber-crime.
Of course, some beltway insiders don't necessarily
see the drop in new white-collar cases as a bad sign. Says Tom Schatz, president of Citizens Against Government Waste, "Maybe people are behaving better, maybe the Sarbanes-Oxley rules are having a chilling effect."
Influence
and bailouts a business tradition in Bush family
By ROBERT TRIGAUX
© St. Petersburg Times, published
October 29, 2000
Once upon a time, a rich and powerful father gathered his
four young sons and urged them to become rich and powerful, too. Take risks. Push yourselves. Influence others, he ordered
in a bold voice. Then he whispered, "And if you muck things up, a fairy godfather
will always appear to make things better."
Those may not have been the precise words spoken, but this
is no tall tale. It's the business model adopted long ago by George and Barbara Bush to propel sons George W., Jeb, Marvin
and Neil into the high ranks of industry and, at least for two boys, politics. Sure, by now in the presidential campaign Dubya's
dubious business transactions have been poked at repeatedly by the media. No question, Jeb's numerous and often questionable
business dealings have been scoured more than once. Little has been written about
Marvin, an investment adviser. Neil, the youngest, took some serious legal heat in the 1980s for his role in the demise of
a Denver savings and loan. But he has since retreated to the Bush home turf of Houston and largely disappeared from the national
spotlight.
Altogether, the Bush boys' business deals have received
scant attention. What's intriguing is that, time and again, all four brothers
have chosen to use a remarkably similar two-step business model.
STEP 1: Leverage the Bush family name and a small personal investment into really
big money, always provided by others.
STEP 2: If any deal goes sour, exit early with personal fortune intact. Or rely on
a bailout from one of Dad's fairy godfathers: some of the thousands of wealthy Republican fundraisers and longtime supporters
of former President Bush.
Of course, playing off the privileged and famous Bush name
is inevitable. But to the Bush boys, dubbed the "Shrubs" by detractors, it's
become a chronic dependency. A habit of striking consistency. The Bushes uniformly
deny any wrongdoing and insist they haven't profited improperly on their family's political and financial connections. But
let's just take a quick peek at some of the more interesting "Bush business model" deals pursued over the years by each of
the boys.
George W.
Alaska construction: At age 27 and
halfway through two years at Harvard Business School, Dubya spent the summer of 1974 in Alaska working for a small airline-and-construction
business. The company, Alaska International Industries, had received a letter from an executive at a Houston construction
company asking about a job for Bush. The aviation arm of Alaska International had an unusual list of clients that just happened
to include the shah of Iran and the Central Intelligence Agency. Dubya's father would be appointed CIA director the following
year.
Oil deals: In Texas, Dubya took his
$50,000 trust fund and in 1977 started his first company, Arbusto Energy Inc. He got friends to invest in various drilling
ventures that mostly went nowhere (but did generate big tax deductions). Friendly investors arranged a 1984 deal in which
struggling Arbusto was acquired by another drilling company called Spectrum 7. When Harken Energy bought Spectrum in 1986,
George wound up on the board with a $120,000 consulting gig and $530,380 worth of stock.
In the midst of his father's presidency
in 1990, Bush unloaded his Harken shares for $848,560. Less than two months later, Iraqi troops marched into Kuwait, throwing
the oil business into turmoil. Harken shares plummeted and the company reported a $20-million quarterly loss. The Securities
and Exchange Commission investigated Dubya for improper insider trading but issued no reprimand. At the time, the SEC was
headed by Richard Breeden, a former aide to President Bush.
Baseball: Dubya was appointed managing
partner of the Texas Rangers baseball team, even though he put up only $600,000 of mostly borrowed money for a 1.8 percent
stake in the team. Among the big backers buying the Rangers were William DeWitt (a fellow Yale alum of Dubya's) and Mercer
Reynolds. Both were major contributors to President Bush's campaign. Earlier, the two also were in on the rescue of Dubya's
oil company. Dubya later sold out of the Rangers' ownership group. His take:
$15-million. That sum made Dubya rich and finally in a comfortable position to pursue a political career.
In 1998, Dubya and his wife reported income of $18,405,524,
on which they paid federal taxes of $3,772,252, or 20.5 percent. Most of their 1998 income came from long-term capital gains.
And nearly all of that resulted from the original $600,000 investment in the Texas Rangers.
Jeb
Miami real estate: After relocating
to Miami from Texas, Jeb quickly teamed up with Cuban-American real estate investor Armando Codina. A prominent fundraiser
and staunch supporter of President Bush, Codina took Jeb under his wing and eventually made him a partner in the Codina Bush
commercial real estate business. Jeb, with no investment, would get 40 percent of the real estate company's profits plus chances
to invest in other ventures. After Jeb entered the race for Florida governor and lost to Lawton Chiles in 1994, Codina welcomed
Bush back to the firm. That relationship made Jeb a millionaire, with a net worth of about $2.4-million by 1997.
Water pumps: In 1988, the same year Jeb's father became
president, Jeb formed a partnership with David Eller, Broward County's Republican fundraiser, to market irrigation and flood
control pumps overseas. Bush went to Nigeria, where he pledged his father would increase aid to developing countries, according
to Nigerian press reports. Nigeria received $74-million in loans from the federally backed Export-Import Bank of the United
States to buy the pumps, giving Jeb a healthy commission. Twelve years later, Nigeria has yet to repay most of the loans.
Golf community, IBM property: When
Bush and Codina needed to unload Deering Bay, an upscale South Florida golf community that had lost millions, they found a
buyer in Florida developer and major Republican fundraiser Al Hoffman. Hoffman would become the primary finance chairman of
Jeb's successful campaign for governor.
Separately, in what Jeb considers one of his biggest deals
as a real estate broker, his firm was hired by IBM Corp. to find a buyer for its massive Boca Raton office park. Jeb handled
the sale personally. He eventually sold the property for about $46-million in 1997 to a group that included Mark Guzzetta,
a key fundraiser for then-former President Bush. Guzzetta later co-chaired Jeb's campaign for governor. Jeb said he got a great sales price for IBM. This year, Guzzetta and his partners sold the property
for about $140-million, nearly three times what they paid a few years ago.
Marvin
Coral Gables director: As an executive
of Winston Partners Group, a northern Virginia investment company, Marvin was named to the board of South Florida-based Fresh
Del Monte Produce in 1998. The international fruit and vegetable company, run by the Abu-Ghazaleh family, has a board full
of Bush family friends. Among them: Stephen Way, who heads Houston-based HCC Insurance Holdings and is a major fundraiser
for Bush family politicians. Way also invited Marvin on to the HCC board last year, a position that pays Bush thousands of
dollars and gave him options to purchase 12,500 shares of HCC common stock.
Stratasec: Marvin was recruited to
join the board of this secretive Virginia security company that serves international corporations and governments. The company
is awash in ex-government security and military personnel. Among them: Barry McDaniel, who served during the Reagan years
as deputy director of readiness for the U.S. Army Materiel Command; and retired U.S. Air Force General James A. Abrahamson,
who served as director of President Reagan's "Star Wars" Strategic Defense Initiative.
The company touts such major customers as Dulles airport near Washington, as well as Los Alamos National Laboratories
(where former scientist Wen Ho Lee pleaded guilty to improperly downloading nuclear weapons design secrets).
KuwAm Corp.: The investment company,
with roots in Kuwait (the country "liberated" by President Bush's Gulf War), is a large backer of Stratasec. Stratasec chief
executive Wirt Walker also is a managing director of KuwAm. And KuwAm chairman Mishal Yousef Saud Al Sabah also sits on Stratasec's
board.
Neil
Silverado failure: In the mid-1980s,
Neil served as a director of Denver's Silverado Savings & Loan. The bank loaned more than $100-million to Neil's two partners
in JNB Exploration, their unsuccessful oil company. Silverado later failed, in part because Neil's two partners did not repay
$132-million in loans. After years of regulatory hand-wringing, Neil was fined $50,000 for ethical lapses. He did not appeal
the fine.
Oil deals: Like brother Dubya, Neil went into the oil
business with poor results. In 1989, he bailed out of JNB Exploration, the company where he became president with a personal
investment of a few hundred dollars. His next company, Apex Energy, was formed with a personal investment of $3,000, plus
a $2.3-million loan from the federal government's SBA program. Like JNB, Apex went belly-up with few assets to repay the SBA.
Afterward, Bill Daniels, a cable-TV magnate and prominent contributor to President Bush, offered Neil a job.
Interlink: Neil now runs Interlink
Management Corp., a Houston business based in the same building as his father's office. Interlink invests in small companies
such as Pennsylvania-based Lithium Technology (rechargeable batteries) and represents Universal Display Corp. (flat panel
displays) in Asia. Interlink's executives included "Bush Pioneers": fundraisers who have raised at least $100,000 for Dubya's
campaign.
Building a political dynasty has been a priority of George
and Barb Bush for decades.
Almost 40 years ago, in the height of the Kennedy era,
a competitive George Bush was heard to say: "Just wait 'til I turn these Bush boys out."
So far, the former president and wife have done a pretty
good job. If you don't look too closely.
-- Robert Trigaux can be reached
at (727) 893-8405 or trigaux@sptimes.com.
Another Costly Bailout?
Three troubled airlines are moving toward possible default
of their pension plans, and others could follow. The worst case would throw billions of dollars in pension liabilities onto
the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corp., a U.S. government agency that insures private retirement accounts for 44 million people.
It pays benefits of failed plans, but within certain limits. The agency is already running a $10 billion deficit. It has sufficient
assets to meet near-term obligations, but a massive airline pension default could throw it into bankruptcy and trigger a huge
taxpayer bailout.
Here's the present situation: United Airlines, now in bankruptcy, skipped a $72 million pension fund
payment in July and plans to miss nearly $500 million in contributions this fall. Industry experts fear that it will dump
its four pension plans that are underfunded by more than $8 billion and saddle the insurance agency with $6 billion of
that obligation.
US Airways, trying to avoid slipping back into bankruptcy, must make a $133 million pension payment
Sept. 15. It has already terminated its pilots' plan and is seeking permission to delay paying $67.5 million that it owes
this year to its other plans. Delta Air Lines is trying to negotiate a cutback in its pilot's plan to avoid possible bankruptcy
and termination of the plan. One summary lists underfunded pension liabilities as Delta's $5.65 billion, Northwest's $3.74
billion, AMR Corp.'s $2.66 billion, and Continental's $1 billion.
A run on the federal insurance agency thus is a real
possibility. It raises the prospect of a taxpayer bailout much like the one Congress approved more than a decade ago for the
savings and loan industry. That fiasco, financed by floating $157 billion in 30-year bonds, will ultimately cost American
taxpayers somewhere between $500 billion and $1.4 trillion, depending on the course of interest rates up to the year
2020.
In a quirk of history, President George W. Bush could be tussling with a new bailout like the one that troubled
his father, President George H.W. Bush, and entangled two other Bush sons. Jeb Bush defaulted on a $4.56 million loan from
Broward Federal Savings in Sunrise, Fla., which federal regulators closed with a taxpayer loss of more than $4 million. And
Neil Bush was a director of Silverado Savings and Loan, which collapsed at a cost of $1.6 billion to he taxpayers.
That mammoth S&L bailout - so big that most Americans can't conceive of
it or even remember it - grew out of the same misguided government generosity that would be to blame for the possible pension
bailout. In both cases, the federal government has insured private enterprise against failure. When Uncle Sam stands by to
finance failure, it amounts to taking the risk out of the risk-taking that is the essence of the capitalistic system.
Young: Peons get their punishment more
quickly than Enrons
John Young, WACO TRIBUNE-HERALD
Tuesday, August 24, 2004
Scratch-offs are for losers.
Junk bonds, energy futures, insider sell-offs and golden parachutes are for winners.
So don't let us ever catch you in the act — scratching, that is. A
few weeks ago a Waco couple found out that the government was to strike down upon them with great vengeance. A former Waco
convenience store manager and her husband were indicted for scratching off a sneaky peak at the validation code of lottery
tickets for sale. Prosecutors say the two then ran the numbers on the computer to see if they were winners, and bought the
winners. Prosecutors say surveillance cameras caught it on video.
It's only speculation how much lottery money store manager Shawnda Shoemaker and husband Johnny
Ray might have pocketed. One can only speculate what the penalty would be for the second-degree felony: influencing the selection
of a lottery winner. The fact that the crime carries a maximum 20 years in prison caused one Waco man to vent some steam. He called to complain about how the law treats "peons" compared to "members of the
monarchy." It's possible the Shoemakers may never see prison, which would negate
his point. But he wasn't calling on the phone to support them. He was wondering why this couple was facing a possible 20 years
while Andrew Fastow, the former CFO of Enron, who ruined countless lives and squandered billions, agreed to half that.
The caller was wondering why so many big shots always seem to float off without their suits being
wrinkled while the little guys who run afoul for lesser offenses end up in the belly of the beast. After corporate scandals looked to become the trademark of the Bush economy, federal officials made a habit
to feature corporate crooks in handcuffs doing the "perp walk." That would send a message, they said. At the same time, Americans watched Bush's friend, Enron chairman "Kenny Boy" Lay, walk the manor, maybe
a little sweaty-lipped, but for months no worse for wear. How long did it take to bring Lay before a judge on criminal charges?
Essentially the length of one presidential term. Now he faces the prospect of 175 years in prison and fines of $5.75 million.
But we'll see if his punishment exceeds that of lottery-ticket tampering.
Back in the 1980s a lot of Americans lost their life savings when corrupt individuals put savings
and loans at risk. One of the biggest offenders was Republican national committeeman Charles Keating. Under his fiduciary
watch at Lincoln Federal Savings, 21,000 mostly elderly investors lost all they had. Taxpayers had to swallow $3 billion of
Lincoln's losses. Keating served four years in prison. At the same time the board
of Silverado Savings & Loan in Denver oversaw the frittering away of $1.6 billion in other people's money. Presidential
son/brother Neil Bush, a member of the board of directors, profited greatly from a free-wheeling buddy system there. So did
other Silverado wheeler dealers. Bush's penalty after it all shook down was a $50,000 fine. His legal fees were put up by
a donor. It's a good thing for Neil he didn't get his hands on a roll of scratch-offs.
I'd say the syndrome is summed up by a posting about the S&L scandal on motherjones.com: "If you steal, steal big."
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